Q1. Matching the items in 'A' Group with the corresponding items in 'B' Group:
| Group A | Answers |
|---|---|
| Lotus | Adapted to live in water |
| Aloe | Adapted to live in deserts. |
| Cuscuta | Haustorial roots for absorption of food |
| Venus flytrap | flower and leaves attract insects |
Q2. Read the paragraph and answer the following questions.
I am a penguin. I live in polar region covered by snow. My abdomen is white. My skin is thick with a layer of fat underneath. My body is spindle shaped. My wings are small. My toes are webbed. We live in flocks.
(a) Why is my skin white and thick and why is there a thick layer of fat underneath?
Ans:- The skin of a penguin is white to help camouflage it against the snowy background in the polar region. The thick layer of fat underneath the skin, known as blubber, acts as insulation to keep the penguin warm in the cold climate.
(b) Why do we live in flocks sticking close to each other ?
Ans:- Penguins live in flocks and stick close to each other for several reasons. It helps them to stay warm by sharing body heat and reducing heat loss. Living in groups also provides protection against predators and improves their chances of finding food.
(c) Which geographical region do I inhabit? Why?
Ans:- Penguins inhabit the polar region, specifically Antarctica and some parts of the Southern Hemisphere. This region is characterized by extreme cold temperatures and is covered in snow and ice. Penguins are adapted to survive in this environment due to their specialized physical features.
(d) Which adaptations should you have to enable you to live permanently in the polar region? Why ?
Ans:- To live permanently in the polar region, one would need adaptations such as a thick layer of insulating fat (blubber) to withstand the cold, a streamlined body shape for efficient swimming, waterproof feathers to stay dry, webbed feet for swimming, and the ability to tolerate low temperatures and harsh weather conditions. These adaptations are necessary to survive and thrive in the extreme polar environment.
Q3. Who is lying ?
(a) Cockroach – I have five legs.
(b) Hen – My toes are webbed.
(c) Cactus – My fleshy, green part is a leaf.
Ans:-(a) Cockroach - Cockroaches typically have six legs, not five.
(b) cactus - The fleshy, green part of a cactus is indeed a modified stem.
Q4. Read each of the following statements.
Write a paragraph about adaptation with reference to each statement.
(a) Adaptation to Extreme Heat in Deserts:
Ans:- Deserts are characterized by severe scarcity of water. Hence, desert animals have a thick skin to prevent loss of water from the body. Their legs are long with flat and cushioned soles. The nostrils are protected by folds of skin. The eyelashes are long and thick. Rats, snakes, spiders, lizards in deserts live in deep burrows during daytime and are active at night.
(b) Adaptation to Lush Green Grasslands:
Ans:- Carnivorous animals like the wild dog, fox, tiger and lion have strong legs to run fast and capture their prey. Tigers have padded paws. This enables them to silently stalk their prey and capture it easily. The eyes of herbivores are below the forehead, on either side of the head. This gives them wide-angle vision which helps to protect them from predators. Their legs are long and tapering with strong hooves, which enables them to run fast taking long leaps.
(c) Insects are found in large numbers.:
Ans:- Insects can quickly establish a large number of territories thanks to their ability to reproduce. In order to obtain nutrition from a variety of food sources, insects have evolved specialised mouthparts and feeding strategies. They have defence adaptations as well, such as chemical defences, to disguise themselves or avoid predators. Wings and other adaptations for effective dispersal have evolved in some insects, allowing them to colonise new areas and find resources.
(d) We hide.:
Ans:- The need to hide is a common adaptation observed in many organisms as a defense mechanism. Animals that rely on camouflage, such as chameleons or stick insects, have evolved the ability to change their coloration to blend in with their surroundings. Other animals, like rabbits or deer, have developed keen senses and agile movements to quickly escape from predators. Some organisms have adapted by developing structures or behaviors that mimic their environment, making it difficult for predators to detect them.
(e) We have long ears:
Ans:- The presence of long ears in certain animals serves various purposes and is an adaptation to their specific ecological needs. For example, animals like rabbits have long ears that enhance their hearing abilities, allowing them to detect predators or other animals in their vicinity. The large surface area of their ears helps capture and amplify sound waves, giving them an advantage in detecting potential threats. Similarly, animals like African elephants have large ears that aid in thermoregulation, as the blood vessels in their ears help dissipate excess heat and regulate body temperature in hot environments.
Q5.Why is the camel called the ‘Ship of the desert’ ?
Ans:-camels have sturdy and durable legs that are designed to withstand the challenging terrain of the desert. camels have long eyelashes and a second set of translucent eyelids that protect their eyes from blowing sand and harsh desert winds. The nickname "Ship of the desert" captures the camel's remarkable adaptations, endurance, and importance in desert ecosystems. Their ability to store water, traverse sandy terrains, withstand harsh weather conditions, and serve as a reliable mode of transportation make them well-deserving of this title.
Q6.How can the plants like cactus and acacia live in deserts with scarce water ?
Ans:-The cactus, being a desert plant, has adapted to survive in arid conditions with scarce water. It has small or modified leaves that minimize water loss through evaporation. The stem of the cactus is fleshy and stores water and nutrients, allowing the plant to survive during dry periods. The green stems of cactus can also perform photosynthesis in the absence of leaves. The thick layer of waxy substance on the stems of desert plants, including cactus and acacia, helps to reduce water loss through transpiration.
Q7.How are organisms classified ?
Ans:-Organisms are classified based on similarities and differences. Classification helps in studying and remembering the diverse living world. It involves creating a hierarchy of categories, starting with broad groups like Kingdom and further subdividing based on similarities. Binomial nomenclature assigns a scientific name to each organism, consisting of a genus and species. Organisms of the same species can reproduce among themselves and share common traits.
0 Comments